Economics
Essential Literature
Haldeman et.al 2015
Conclusion:
This review identified 25 cost comparison studies related to chiropractic care for spine pain in the US and published in English since 1993. Although findings from the studies reviewed generally suggested that chiropractic care may be associated with lower health care costs when compared to care from other HCPs…
OUT-OF-POCKET EXPENDITURES ON COMPLEMENTARY HEALTH APPROACHES ASSOCIATED WITH PAINFUL HEALTH CONDITIONS IN A NATIONALLY REPRESENTATIVE ADULT SAMPLE
Wong et.al 2015
Conclusion:
Adults in the United States spent $14.9 billion OOP on complementary health approaches (e.g., acupuncture, chiropractic, herbal medicines) to manage painful conditions including back pain ($8.7 billion). This back pain estimate is almost 1/3rd of total conventional healthcare expenditures for back pain ($30.4 billion) and 2/3rds higher than conventional OOP expenditures ($5.1 billion).
COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF MANUAL THERAPY FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITIONS
Tsertsvadze et. al. 2014
Conclusion:
Preliminary evidence from this review shows some economic advantage of manual therapy relative to other interventions used for the management of musculoskeletal conditions, indicating that some manual therapy techniques may be more cost-effective than usual GP care
CHIROPRACTIC AND CAM UTILIZATION: A DESCRIPTIVE REVIEW
Lawrence, Meeker 2010
Conclusion:
Studies looking at chiropractic utilization demonstrate that the rates vary, but generally fall into a range from around 6% to 12% of the population, most of whom seek chiropractic care for low back pain and not for organic disease or visceral dysfunction. CAM is itself used by people suffering from a variety of conditions, though it is often used not as a primary intervention, but rather as an additional form of care. CAM and chiropractic often offer lower costs for comparable results compared to conventional medicine.
UTILIZATION AND EXPENDITURES ON CHIROPRACTIC CARE IN THE UNITED STATES FROM 1997 TO 2006
Davis et.al 2010
Conclusion:
The total number of U.S. adults who visited a chiropractor increased 57 percent from 7.7 million in 2000 to 12.1 million in 2003. From 1997 to 2006, the inflation-adjusted national expenditures on chiropractic care increased 56 percent from U.S.$3.8 billion to U.S.$5.9 billion. Inflation-adjusted total mean expenditures per patient and expenditures per office visit remained unchanged. The large increase in U.S. adult expenditures on chiropractic care between 1997 and 2006 was due to a 57 percent increase in the total number of U.S. adult chiropractic patients that occurred from 2000 to 2003. From 2003 to 2006, the total number of U.S. adult chiropractic patients has remained stable.
COST EFFECTIVENESS OF PHYSIOTHERAPY, MANUAL THERAPY, AND GP CARE FOR NECK PAINKorthals et. al. 2003
Conclusion:
“Manual therapy (spinal mobilization) is more effective and less costly for treating neck pain than physiotherapy or care by a general practitioner.”
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